Frankenstein Kickass Paper -- essays research papers

The daughter of an active feminist, Mary Woolstonecraft Shelley eloped with the famous poet Percy Bysshe Shelley at the age of 15, and after was continually and profoundly influenced by his words and writings. Her novel Frankenstein is named among the best written and most meaningful of the gothic works, and is one of the few still popularly read today. A precursor to the Romantic trend in art and intellect, gothic novels rejected of the precepts of order, balance, idealization, and rationality that typified Classicism in general and late 18th-century Neoclassicism in particular. The gothic tradition grew out of disillusionment with the Enlightenment and 18th-century rationalism and physical materialism. Romanticism as a whole emphasized the individual, the irrational, the imaginative, the spontaneous, the emotional, and the transcendental. Shelley herself defines "gothic" as a story "which would speak to the mysterious fears of our Nature, and would awaken thrill ing horror--one to make the reader dread to look around, to curdle the blood and quicken the beatings of the heart." By infusing moral and social concerns into the gothic style, Shelley achieves more than a simple horror story, however. The universal societal and psychoanalytical questions raised in Frankenstein secure its place in world literature and promise decades of similarly fashioned gothic writings. As stated above, the gothic genre developed as a harsh reaction to the predominant Neoclassic ideals of the time; the emphasis shifted from the whole to the solitary, and from society to nature. The "Graveyard Poets," one of whom is Thomas Gray, are attributed with having ushered in the new philosophy and are often termed "Pre-Romantics." Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" has all the elements of the gothic: graves, overtones of death, a rural setting, and a desire for return to a more simplistic, natural time. Simultaneously, Jean-Jacques Rousseau preached a similar creed which presented society as evil, and called for a "natural state of man." Shelley was schooled in both writers, and took their words to heart. In 1776 and 1789 Revolutions swept America and France, indicating that the Neoclassic ideals were not as stable as was previously thought. News of these ... ...; and "Fall of the House of Usher" and Hawthorne's "Young Goodman Brown" use many gothic conventions and themes, such as the ominous tone, dream-like or surreal sequences, and warnings about interdependency and the manipulation of one's mind. The gothic novel revolves as part of the literary cycle, periodically returning for a brief period in the public's eye and then again disappearing into obscure circles of its few disciples. In this scientific age, the gothic is viewed as being overly sentimental, predictable, and implausible. As the ages change, readers, like Victor, are forced to "exchange chimeras of boundless grandeur" which the gothic inspires for "realities of little worth" (Shelley 46). The gothic, the fantastic, is a necessary balance for logic and reason as much as light is to dark, and good to evil. Without one, the other is undefined and therefore has no purpose in its existence. Frankenstein will live on as a brilliant insight into both the political environment of the 18th century and the eternal condition of man as an extension of nature.

About Myself Essay

My academic career was not at all a bed of roses and as I am about to remind all the history of it then I am feeling very much nostalgic. The first hurdle which I can remember was appeared when I was in standard 1. At that time my mother had faced a severe accident. She was in bed for a whole year. At that time I was a kid and I was completely dependent on her so I was in severe distress. I had to study with the help of my father but he was also unable to give much time for me as the other responsibilities were on him completely.Then he decided to send me to a tutor’s house for my study. But what I should tell about that lady!!! She never used to give any time to me to complete my homework moreover her daughter used to give all her own homework to me to do. Every day in school I used get punishment for not doing the homework but as they also were aware about my home’s condition so they never used to give me any hard punishment. Gradually after a year my mom recovered an d I got back my good marks in all subjects.From then I have decided to become a tutor and decided to be polite and lovable and ideal for my every student. From the beginning of my career I was very much ambitious. I have done my schooling from Holy Child Girls’ High School till my 10th Grade and after that I have done my +2 studies from Patha Bhavan, Kolkata. Throughout my school life I was a very good student according to my teachers. After finishing my school I have done Physics Honours from Calcutta University. And finally I did my Master of Computer Application from West Bengal University of Technology.Finally before 4 years from now I have started my career as a software developer and also before that I have started my career as an online Mathematics Tutor. Right now I am enjoying both my career very much and also right now I am the head of my department of software developer and also I have achieved 4 awards for my performance as a Best Online Mathematics Tutor througho ut a particular academic year. I know it is just a start of my ambition and I have long way to go. Right now as I am trying to become an Online Mathematics Tutor for Tutor.com so my very next ambition is to become the best tutor in this company by maintaining my good work so that I can get appreciation from my students and from my company end also, because appreciation always give some boast up to do some better work. Also as a head of the software developers my next ambition in that field is to become the manager of the team. I always used to set short term ambitions and after achieving one I used to set the next because this will lead to the proper satisfaction and happiness.

French Vocabulary Lesson Driving a Car

Travelers to France and other French-speaking areas of the world may like to get behind the wheel of a car and drive. If you are in that group, you will need to know a few French words related to driving. By the end of this French vocabulary lesson, you will be able to identify various parts of a car, be familiar with navigation, and know how to speak about people and roads in French. It is an easy lesson and one that you will find useful while you travel. Should you decide to drive and need to rent a car, you will find more useful words in phrases in the French travel lesson. Note: Many of the words below are linked to .wav files. Simply click on the link to listen to the pronunciation. Vehicles on the Road (Và ©hicules sur la route) First of all, you need to learn the French words for the basic types of vehicles (và ©hicules) that you will encounter on the road. These are all part of transportation (le  transport). Car -  une  auto  (apocope*  of  automobile)  or  une  voiture Bicycle -  une  bicyclette  or un  và ©lo  (apocope  of  và ©locipà ¨de -  archaic) Motorbike -  une  moto  (apocope  of  motocyclette) Bus -  lautobus Truck -  un camion Taxi - un  taxi * What is an apocope? It is a word that is a shortened version of the original word. In French, the word  automobile  is often  shortened to  auto, just like it is in English. People  on the Road (Les gens sur la route) While you are driving, there are a few people that you will meet. Of course, other drivers (conducteurs) are among them. Driver -  un  conducteur  (false cognate  of conductor) Drivers license -  un permis de conduire Police Officer -  un policier Hitchhiking  -  lauto-stop  (m) To hitchhike -  faire de lauto-stop  Hitchhiker -  un auto  stoppeur Types of Roads (Types de routes) Even if you are not in a car, you will find it useful to know the French words for various types of roads.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Street (la rue) is the one that you will encounter most often as it is used in the names of many streets. For example, famous streets in Paris include Rue de Barres, Rue de lAbreuvoir, and Rue Montorgueil. Street -  la  rue Highway -  une  autoroute Traffic circle -  rond-point  (it can vary from country to country)Court - cour Toll -  un  pà ©age Toll road -  une autoroute à   pà ©age   To pay a toll -  de payer un  pà ©age Driving the Car Now that you know what, whom, and where you will be driving, it is time to learn the words for how to drive in French. To drive -  conduire  or  rouler On the way -  en route Trip -  une  excursion To go on walks / trips -  excursionner   To go / move (in reference to cars and traffic) -  circuler Navigation If your navigator is speaking in French while you are driving, then these words are absolutely essential. Without them, you might take a wrong turn (mauvais tournant). Straight ahead -  tout droit To cross -  traverser To turn - tourner To the right -  Ãƒ   droite To the left -  Ãƒ   gauche Turn signal -  le  clignotant To park -  stationner To pass -  doubler Traffic Stop lights are inevitable and, with luck, you will not be stuck in a traffic jam. Yet, it is best to be prepared and you can always practice your French if you do get stuck in traffic (circulation). Stop light -  le  feu  rouge Traffic jam -  un  embouteillage And,  hopefully, your car does not break down in traffic. If it does, you can be prepared to explain it to someone. Broken-down -  en panne   To break down -  Ãƒ ªtre/tomber en panne At the Gas Station If you choose to drive, a stop at the gas station (une  station-service) is inevitable. It is important to know which type of gas your car needs. Gas / petrol -  de lessence  (f) Regular gas -  essence ordinaire Premium gas - essence  du  super Diesel -  le gasoil, gazole To fill it up -  faire le plein Parts of a Car Finally, we will wrap up our French driving lesson with a quick look at a few parts of the car. Gas pedal -  un  accà ©là ©rateur Accelerator -  un  champignon  (informal)Steering wheel - le  volant Stick shift -  la boà ®te manuelle Windshield -  un  pare-brise Windshield wipers -  les  essuie-glaces Headlights - les  phares High beams -  les  feux  de  route Brakes - les  freins Brake lights -  le  feux  de  stop

How Wireless Communication Has Improved The Point Of Being...

Wireless communication is the transfer of data between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor. In addition, wireless communications networks are less expensive to install and preserve than equivalent wired systems. Wireless communication has become possible due to the discovery of radio waves. With the first breakthrough of the radio signal within the 19th century, along with founders Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo Marconi, evolution of the wireless technology has improved to the point of being unrecognizable (Makkai ,2006, p.1). According to Rappaport (2002 ,p.1) , with the Guglielmo Marconi’s invention of the long-distance communication with ships at sea, has the power of instant communication emerged. Nowadays, many people use the internet service on a cellphone to keep the contact with people around the world, and for other purposes such as: researching, learning and exploring (Makkai ,2006, p.1). In this essay, the following definitions will be used. Communication in this essay refers to a technology that allows sending and receiving data such as: SMS, voice and images (Lee, Schneider and Schell,2004, p.15). A mobile app is a software application developed specifically for use on small, wireless computing devices, such as smartphones and tablets, rather than desktop or laptop computers. Ram (Random Access Memory) arranges communication through messages to a customer while they are in the city territory (Rappaport, 2002, p.508). AnShow MoreRelatedStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic Marketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesConflict management 9.3.2.6 Recognition and awards Defining the Project 4.1 Project charter 5.1 Gather requirements 5.2 Defining scope 5.3 Creating a WBS 5.4 Tools and techniques 6.1 Define activities 9.1.2. Responsibility matrixes 10.1 Communication planning (.2.3.4) [App. G-4] Chapter 12 Outsourcing 12.1.1 Procurement requirements [G.8] 12.1.2.3 Contract types 9.4.2.3 Conflict management 12.2.7 The art of negotiating 12.2.3.5 Change requests Chapter 13 Monitoring Progress

René Descartes Meditations Essay - 1116 Words

Renà © Descartes Meditations Renà © Descartes’ argument that he does not know his piece of wax through his senses is rather straightforward. First, his sensory perceptions of the wax are its color, scent, sound, texture, temperature and the like. However, these purported properties of the wax are not constant; if the wax is brought close to a flame, its color, sound, texture and all the rest will change. Nevertheless, Descartes claims, no one would deny that the object now by the fire is the same wax that was first away from the fire. Descartes implies that it is evident and obvious that the wax, though its appearance to the senses is wholly changed, is still the same wax. Let us grant this. Because the wax is still the same wax even†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Flexibility† and â€Å"mutability† refer to the wax’s ability to take on any of an indefinite number of shapes—indeed, an infinite number. We cannot know these properties of the wax through our imaginations beca use our imagination is incapable of cataloguing all the possible shapes the wax may take. (The imagination, remember, consists in discrete mental images of the wax with certain shapes.) Likewise, with the property of â€Å"extension†Ã¢â‚¬â€we cannot imagine all of the sundry sizes and dimensions of which the wax is capable of taking, but nevertheless we know that it has this same ability. Because we cannot account fully for the three essential properties of the wax with our imagination we conclude that we do not know the wax through our imagination. The wax, so conceived, is merely a substance with the essential properties of being extended, flexible, and mutable—properties general enough that the wax can be taken to stand for a generic, supposedly physical, objects. Descartes concludes that he knows the wax through â€Å"an inspection of the mind† alone. To understand this reasoning, first note that by this point in the Meditations, Descartes is operating under the understanding that, insofar as he knows, he is only a thinking thing. Therefore, if we perceive, we do so with powers that are innate in us as a thinking thing. These powers of thought are earlier enumerated to include the capacity to doubt, understand, affirm, deny, will, refuse, sense, and imagine.Show MoreRelated The Meditations by Rene Descartes1003 Words   |  5 PagesIn Descartes’ Meditations, his goal to prove the existence of things could only be accomplished if he was logical, clear, and correct in his thoughts and writings. The most important issues he noted were the threat of being deceived and the potential of being incorrect in his judgments, both of which would lead him into error. Error exists as a problem that individuals encounter on a regular basis, and it also exists as a focal point in Descartes’ Meditations. Descartes defines error as â€Å"a privationRead MoreThe Meditations of Rene Descartes Essay493 Words   |  2 PagesThe Meditations of Rene Descartes In 1916 Rene Descartes wrote What I wish to finish is . . . an absolutely new science enabling one to resolve all questions proposed on any order of continuos or discontinuous quantities. (p8 Methods Meditations). He made this ambitious statement at the young age of twenty-three. Renes ambition would take him far but it kept him from becoming the Aristotle of the modern age. The Meditations were an attempt to solve the many questions about life, existenceRead MoreRene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy1234 Words   |  5 Pages In Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes does and experiment with wax to try to prove that things actually exist in this world. This essay is going to prove how we can tell that things actually exist and what can perceive the wax. Rene Descartes starts off with a description of the wax so he can prove to us the changes that will happen throughout his experiment. â€Å"Let us take, for instance, this piece of wax. It has been taken quite recently from theRead MoreEssay on Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy2121 Words   |  9 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Descartes believes that knowledge comes from within the mind. This is a single indisputable fact to build on that can be gained through individual reflection. While seeking true knowledge, Descartes writes his Six Meditations. In these meditations, Descartes tries to develop a strong foundation, which all knowledge can be built upon. In the First Meditation, Descartes begins developing this foundation through the method of doubt. He casts doubt upon all his previous beliefs, including â€Å"mattersRead MoreBeliefs Beyond Doubt, What All Other Respond To: Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy1998 Words   |  8 PagesRene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy is considered to be one of the most important works in modern philosophy. John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and coun tless other philosophers wrote largely in response to Descartes. Yet there are serious doubts related to the treatises major argument. In the Objections and Replies, a collection of objections to the work along with Descartes personal and often very detailed replies to said objections, the philosopher Antoine Arnauld raises the question of whetherRead MoreThe Meditations By Rene Descartes1384 Words   |  6 PagesRenà © Descartes main goal in the Meditations is to establish that one exists and that a perfect God exists. However, he first argues that the idea that everything perceived around one could be false because the senses are sometimes deceiving. In the first Meditation, Descartes introduces skepticism and brings forth a method of doubt in which he evaluates his beliefs, and questions whether they are true or false and why they should be doubted. He presents various hypothesis that prove there is reasonRead MoreDescartes First Meditations By Rene Descartes1352 Words   |  6 PagesIn Renà © Descartes’ First Meditations, he introduces three main sceptical arguments for the possibility of doubt: illusion, dreaming and error. Descartes’ purpose in his First Meditations is to define knowledge by placing doubt on the sceptical arguments capacity to provide truth. In this essay, I will focus on the argument from dreaming. There are many objections against the argument; therefore I will assess the soundness of the argument and whether it establishes universal doubt based on the plausibilityRead MoreMeditations On First Philosophy By Rene Descartes Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesPrà ©ciso of Meditations on First Philosophy Through his series of books, Meditations on First Philosophy, Renà © Descartes enlightens his philosophical ideas about knowledge in which we should discard all belief we aren’t absolute certain about and establishes what we know for sure. In the introduction he clarifying the main ideas of each of the 6 books and using to them build up to his belief. Starting with the First Meditations, he discusses about doubt. He believed that there are no real foundationsRead MoreThe Meditations On First Philosophy By Rene Descartes916 Words   |  4 Pages The Meditations on First Philosophy by Rene Descartes is a thorough analysis about doubt. Descartes describes his method of doubt to determine whether he can truly know something. One of his major arguments is the proof of the existence of God. In this paper, I will attempt to unravel the flaws in Descartes proof that God exists. In the meditations, Descartes evaluates whether or not everything we know is a reality or a dream. Descartes claims that we can only be sure that our beliefs are trueRead MoreMeditations On First Philosophy By Rene Descartes1062 Words   |  5 PagesIn Meditations on First Philosophy, Renà © Descartes philosophies made a substantial advancement in enabling us to understand the world around us by querying many of the Aristotelian doctrines that are still being discussed in philosophy today. He attempts to answer the question; can you fully trust your senses? Descartes uses methodological doubt, which is a process of being skeptical about truths of someone’s belief to revoke from his senses. In Meditation One: Concerning Those Things That Can Be

Coffee Industry Marketing Plan Development

Question: Discuss about the Coffee Industry Marketing Plan Development. Answer: Introduction Coffee is an extremely treasured product. It is presumed that more people consume this precious product every day as they depend on it for their livelihoods. As such, there exist many coffee outlets in the American, European, Australian markets, etc. to include a chain of coffee cafes and independent coffee cafes. A wide chain of coffee stores holds a significant share in the Australian coffee market with the key players being Starbucks, Gloria Jeans, and the McCafe. The coffee market has been very competitive through several components including the service, coffee quality, prices, the atmosphere of coffee cafes, etc. that have an enormous impact on the customer's buying behaviour. Additionally, the external environment also significantly affects the coffee market. However, no matter the coffee outlet, there remains to be room to penetrate the market. This paper seeks to examine the background of the leading competitors in Australia. We will further analyse the various factors and t he current state of the coffee franchise. Starbucks, Gloria Jeans, and McCafe Brands and their Marketplace Starbucks was founded more than four decades ago, and since then the firm has experienced remarkable growth and success[1]. Today, it is perceived as the go-to coffee shop where people go to work and socialize, a notion that matches well with the companys marketing strategy. Starbucks strives to create a conducive and relaxed atmosphere where its customers stop between work and home[2]. This technique has been proven to be a success for the company as it generates revenues of nearly $21 billion as of 2016[3]. Gloria Jeans Coffee is an Australian coffee specialty company that was founded in 1979[4]. The brand is largely synonymous with providing quality coffee and is also a leading franchise system. Gloria Jean's serves and sells a wide range of espresso coffee products, blended and whole bean coffee, and cold drinks. The company is committed to providing the world's highest standard and consistent specialty coffee products. Presently, the company has entered many foreign markets and continues to grow its presence. This has enabled the company to draw a large base of customers and increase their revenue base. On the other hand, McCafe is a coffee shop owned by McDonald's that was established in the 1990s in Australia[5]. The brand has been a strong challenger for coffee market competitors in the Australian market. The brand boasts of offering premium coffee and strives to maintain this reputation in major markets. This has helped them to acquire a strong global presence with a reputation f or providing customers with good value for their money. Positioning of the Products in the Market Market positioning is the way in which products are placed in a manner to occupy a clearer, distinctive, and desirable place that is relative to the rival companys products[6]. The positioning strategy is based on customers so as to provide excellent services outside the customers' expectations[7]. Starbucks position itself as the premium product in the coffee market by offering high quality, innovative products, and providing great services to their customers. Price and product standards determine the value of the product[8]. When Starbucks was established its products were expensive and was positioned in accordance to that as they seek to deliver high value promised to their customers. McCafe has positioned its coffee products to target customers who appreciate high standard coffee offered at low prices served by well-trained staff at, and seek an excellent product in an attractive atmosphere. Gloria Jeans caf also has a strong brand recognition and positioning. The company has pos itioned its products on offering high quality and excellent experience. The coffee market is a very competitive industry. As such, a companys competitive advantage is centered on its strength and opportunities they address, as shown in the SWOT analysis. Strengths - Identifying the company's key strengths is important to enable drive customers to a brand. A good quality and consistent coffee and a strong coffee culture help coffee brands to offer unique products that meet the customer's needs. This element should not only be limited to the coffee standards provided by the coffee chains but should also focus on the environment in which the coffee is consumed. The lifestyle of people has completely changed throughout the years as the economy experiences growth in the disposable income, and most people are willing to spend more on premium products and services. The coffee drinkers have become more demanding, educated, and discerning of their coffee shops and its staff. Coffee consumers are now discussing the taste and the mouth feel' of their coffee the same way they do in specialty products such as artisanal food.' Consumers are beginning to align themselves with healthier and leaner alternatives to make a preference of gourmet coffee over the traditional based coffee. Additionally, the cafe's staffs are not looked upon as just waiters but as skilled employees whose talent make a huge difference to the taste of the coffee. Weaknesses - The emergence of the internet brought about by advanced technology has made it possible for people and business to transact over the online platforms. The online platform is mainly used to display products information and to sell them. This feature has a significant impact on coffee shops as they need to put more weight on it. Opportunities - By providing an exquisite cup of coffee to consumers in an enjoyable and relaxed atmosphere, coffee franchises should start focusing on diversifying its product portfolio without negatively affecting their core business. An innovative culture is what is needed in the coffee market to produce unique products and services that satisfy consumer needs. When applied strategically, this factor has a significant and long-term positive impact on the coffee franchises as it helps to minimize costs, and increase profits. Threats - This element of the SWOT analysis is centred on the external dynamics that may diminish the business performance[9].Competition is considered as the major cause of concern for most organizations. Stiff competition has the magnitude of lowering a companys profits since competitors have devised ways to draw consumers with superior products at affordable pricing. From the above analysis, possible gaps are evident in the coffee market. There exists an emerging trend of coffee consumption where people are seeking healthier lifestyles and want to be provided with gourmet and organic food products. The healthy trend and hectic lifestyle of the people are likely to influence the coffee shops in future[10]. There also exists a lag in technology investment which tends to limit transactions. Two Alternative Marketing Strategies for the Products It is highly recommended for coffee brands to take into consideration the demand among consumers for healthier, quality coffee products as well as specialty beverages. Offering low-quality cappuccino and espresso even for a discounted price is less likely to appeal the contemporary and more sophisticated coffee enthusiast who would prefer to pay more for premium products. Coffee outlets need to take this on board and also introduce new recipes and a wide range of diversified types of coffee on its menu. Advanced technology has simplified transaction process for people and business because of its speed and convenience. Coffee franchises need to develop and actively run online platforms for them to reap high benefits. This platform will enable them to display and sell their products to customers via the internet and also facilitate one on one communication with customers. Organizations need to develop a solid marketing plan for their businesses. As such, coffee brands can start by identifying its target market. These market can be broken down into smaller groups such as age, profession, income, etc. Segmenting the market is essential to identify a consumer's distinct characteristics and to position a business or product to its target market reasonably[11]. Likewise, may need to develop a plan to boost its online presence. A substantial investment in technology is crucial to improving the ordering and payment processes. As such, they must be ready to heavily invest their time and resources developing internet technology to widen online presence. Conclusion The marketing strategies discussed above aims at making coffee brands products available to their customers. To achieve this, the companies should strive to promote the quality, affordability, and convenience in the take home compendium. Starbucks, Gloria Jeans, and McCafe each have designed and implemented their own strategies which seek to provide products that are high on quality and at affordable pricing, this offers a natural selection in reaching the suitable potential customers. References Euromonitor International. Cafes/Bars in Australia. Retrieved on 18 May, 2017 from https://www.euromonitor.com/cafes-bars-in-australia/report Gloria Jeans. About Us. Retrieved on 18 May, 2017 from https://www.gloriajeans.com/, 2017 Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. Principles of marketing. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson, 2014 Kotler, P., Keller, K. L. Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2012 McCafe. About Us. Retrieved on 18 May, 2017 from https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us/about-us.html, 2017 Starbucks Annual Report. Annual Report. Retrieved on 17 May 2017, https://s21.q4cdn.com/369030626/files/doc_financials/2016/Annual/FY16-Annual-Report-on-Form-10-K.pdf, 2016 Starbucks. Retrieved on 03 May 2017, from https://www.starbucks.com/, 2017

Plot Twist Essay Example

Plot Twist Essay A plot twist is a change in the expected direction or outcome of the plot of a film, television series, video game, novel, comic or other fictional work. It is a common practice in narration used to keep the interest of an audience, usually surprising them with a revelation. Some twists are foreshadowed and can thus be predicted by many viewers/readers, whereas others are a complete shock. When a plot twist happens near the end of a story, especially if it changes ones view of the preceding events, it is known as a twist ending. Revealing the existence of a plot twist often spoils a movie, since the majority of the movie generally builds up to the plot twist. A device used to undermine the expectations of the audience is the false protagonist. It involves presenting a character at the start of the film as the main character, but then disposing of this character, usually killing them. It is a red herring. Example of a plot twist An early example of the murder mystery genre[1] with multiple twists[2] was the Arabian Nights tale The Three Apples. It begins with a fisherman discovering a locked chest. The first twist occurs when the chest is broken open and the dead body is found inside. The initial search for the murderer fails, and a twist occurs when two men appear, separately claiming to be the murderer. A complex chain of events finally reveal the murderer to be the investigators own slave. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Twist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A flashing arrow is a metaphorical audiovisual cue used in films to bring some object or situation that will be referred later, or otherwise used in the advancement of plot, to the attention of the viewers. The device is not introduced into the plot or the dialogue, but is something peripheral; however made obvious (hence the name) by a particular camera shot or background music. An example of this device is a camera close-up in a horror movie that suggests information like danger from an unlocked door. A literal flashing arrow was used in the 1981 film Student Bodies to mock this cliched use. [1] The use of flashing arrows and that particular joke were both mentioned in Everything Bad is Good for You, where the authors says works that have little use of this and require figuring things out yourself have a more deductive viewer base. Another example of a literal flashing arrow can be seen in the Ouran High School Host Club. This device is used several times throughout the anime—for instance in the first episode, a flashing arrow and high-pitched beeping oise indicate a vase that a character breaks later on in that scene. Red herring is an idiomatic expression referring to the rhetorical or literary tactic of diverting attention away from an item of significance. [1] For example, in mystery fiction, where the identity of a criminal is being sought, an innocent party may be purposefully cast in a guilty light by the author through the employment of deceptive clues, false emphas is, loaded words or other descriptive tricks of the trade. The readers suspicions are thus misdirected, allowing the true culprit to go (temporarily at least) undetected. A false protagonist is another example of a red herring. In the  comic book  fan community, the apparent death and subsequent return of a long-running character is often called a  comic book death. While death is a serious subject, a comic book death is generally not taken seriously and is rarely permanent or meaningful. At least three comic book deaths are well known. The first two are the 1980 death of  Jean Grey  in Marvels  Dark Phoenix Saga  and that ofSuperman  in  DCs highly-publicized 1993  Death of Superman  storyline. There is one major distinction between the two, however whereas it was never intended that Supermans death be permanent, and that he would return to life at the conclusion of the story,[3]  Jeans passing (one of many temporary deaths among the  X-Men) was written as the true and permanent death of the character,[citation needed]  only to beretconned  a few years later to facilitate her return. In more recent history, the death of  Captain America  made real-world headlines in early 2007[4]  when he met his apparent end, but Steve Rogers returned in  Captain America: Reborn  in late 2009. Usually more subtle, foreshadowing works on the symbolic level. For example, if a character must break up a schoolyard fight among some boys, it might symbolically foreshadow the family squabbles that will become the central conflict of the story. Other times, it is seemingly inconsequential, with the goal of having the audience be surprised by the storys climax and yet find it justified. If a character learns that a certain man was a regular at the diner where her mother worked many years before, it helps to justify the events later in which she learns that the man is her biological father. If foreshadowing is not done carefully, the common experiences of life can make the foreshadowing too obvious and allow the audience to predict the outcome of the story. Example: a character behaves in an odd and erratic fashion and complains continuously of a  headache, then later is diagnosed with a brain tumor. Foreshadowing can also be used dishonestly in a mystery, where a series of events which points to a conclusion is later found to be composed of unlikely coincidences which have been dishonestly added to the story by the author in an artificial way, with the sole purpose of drawing the audience into an incorrect expectation. In such cases, the audience feels manipulated, and the story may be less satisfying.